Multiple regions like the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, the Colony and Protectorate of Lagos and similar were subjects of colonial protection. International administration of a state can also be regarded as an internationalized form of protection, where the protector is an international organisation rather than a state. A protected state appears on world maps just as any other independent state. įor political and pragmatic reasons, the relationship of protection is not usually advertised, but described in euphemisms such as 'an independent state with special treaty relations' with the protecting state. A protectorate formally enters into the protection through a bilateral agreement with the protector, while international mandates are stewarded by the world community-representing body, with or without a de facto administering power.Ī protected state has a form of protection where it continues to retain an 'international personality' and enjoys an agreed amount of independence in conducting its foreign policy. Protectorates differ from League of Nations mandates and their successors, United Nations Trust Territories, whose administration is supervised, in varying degrees, by the international community. This is distinct from annexation in that the protector has no formal power to control the internal affairs of the protectorate. Similarly, the protectorate rarely takes military action on its own but relies on the protector for its defence. In practice, a protectorate often has direct foreign relations only with and transfers the management of all its more important international affairs to the protector. Modern protectorate concepts were devised in the nineteenth century. In the Middle Ages, Andorra was a protectorate of France and Spain. Civitates foederatae were cities that were subordinate to Rome for their foreign relations. Protectorates form one of the oldest features of international relations, dating back to the Roman Empire.

19.1 Contemporary usage by the United States.

19 United States' protectorates and protected states.

17 Turkey's and the Ottoman Empire's protectorates and protected states.

15 Russia's and the Soviet Union's protectorates.

11 Italy's protectorates and protected states.

8 France's protectorates and protected states.

5 British Empire's protectorates and protected states.

Rome total war protectorate